CICS Adapter Monitoring

CICS adapter monitoring is essential for maintaining reliable connections between CICS and external systems. Learn how to monitor, manage, and troubleshoot CICS adapters including CICS-MQ adapter, Oracle Access Manager, and other enterprise system adapters.

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Introduction to CICS Adapter Monitoring

CICS adapters are components that enable CICS applications to communicate with external systems such as IBM MQ message queues, Oracle databases, web services, and other enterprise systems. Monitoring these adapters is crucial for ensuring reliable communication, identifying performance issues, and maintaining system availability.

Adapter monitoring involves tracking connection status, message flow, error rates, performance metrics, and resource utilization. Effective monitoring helps prevent system failures, optimize performance, and ensure smooth integration between CICS and external systems.

Explain It Like I'm 5 Years Old

Imagine CICS is like a mailroom in a big office building. The adapters are like special mail carriers that take letters (messages) from the mailroom to different places - some go to the post office (MQ), some go to other buildings (databases), and some go to the internet (web services).

Monitoring adapters is like having a supervisor watch the mail carriers to make sure they're doing their job correctly. The supervisor checks: Are the carriers showing up for work? (connection status) Are they delivering mail on time? (response time) Are there too many letters piling up? (queue depth) Are they making mistakes? (error rate)

If the supervisor notices problems - like a carrier is late, or too many letters are piling up, or letters are getting lost - they can fix the problem before customers get upset. That's what adapter monitoring does for CICS - it watches the adapters and helps fix problems before they affect the whole system.

Types of CICS Adapters

CICS supports various adapters for different types of external system integration. Each adapter type has specific monitoring requirements and tools.

Common CICS Adapter Types and Their Monitoring Tools
Adapter TypePurposeMonitoring ToolsKey Resources
CICS-MQ AdapterEnables communication between CICS and IBM MQ message queuesCKQC transaction, CEMT commands, CICS ExplorerMQCONN, MQMONITOR
Oracle Access ManagerConnects CICS to Oracle databasesEDF, Oracle Net tracing, CICTRCCL utilityORA2 transaction, Oracle Net configuration
DB2 AdapterIntegrates CICS with DB2 databasesCEMT commands, DB2 monitoring tools, CICS ExplorerDB2CONN, DB2ENTRY
Web Services AdapterEnables CICS to consume and provide web servicesCICS Transaction Gateway, CICS Explorer, performance monitoringPIPELINE, WEBSERVICE

CICS-MQ Adapter Monitoring

The CICS-MQ adapter enables CICS applications to send and receive messages through IBM MQ queues. Monitoring this adapter is critical for ensuring reliable message processing and identifying bottlenecks.

MQCONN Resource Definition

An MQCONN resource definition specifies the connection between CICS and IBM MQ. It defines connection parameters including the queue manager name, initiation queue name, and other MQ-related settings.

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IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. MQCONN-EXAMPLE. DATA DIVISION. WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 01 MQCONN-NAME PIC X(8) VALUE 'MQCONN01'. 01 QUEUE-MGR-NAME PIC X(48) VALUE 'QMGR01'. 01 INIT-QUEUE-NAME PIC X(48) VALUE 'SYSTEM.CICS.INITQ'. PROCEDURE DIVISION. * MQCONN resource definition specifies: * - Connection name (MQCONN-NAME) * - Queue manager name (QUEUE-MGR-NAME) * - Initiation queue name (INIT-QUEUE-NAME) * When installed with INITQNAME, creates DFHMQINI monitor END PROGRAM.

CKQC Transaction

The CKQC transaction provides control and monitoring functions for the CICS-MQ adapter. You can use CKQC to view adapter status, check queue depths, monitor message flow, and perform diagnostic operations.

CKQC can be accessed through:

  • CICS-MQ adapter control panels
  • CICS command line
  • Application programs using EXEC CICS SPI commands

DFHMQINI Monitor

When you install an MQCONN resource with an INITQNAME attribute, CICS automatically creates and installs an MQMONITOR resource named DFHMQINI. This monitor represents the default initiation queue and starts automatically when the MQ connection is established.

Additional MQMONITOR resources can be installed to define attributes for other IBM MQ message consumers, such as the trigger monitor transaction CKTI.

Oracle Access Manager Monitoring

Oracle Access Manager for CICS connects CICS applications to Oracle databases. Monitoring this adapter helps ensure reliable database connectivity and optimal performance.

Execution Diagnostic Facility (EDF)

To begin an EDF session for Oracle Access Manager, start the adapter with the EDF keyword:

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ORA2 START MOD(ORA0) EDF

EDF provides detailed diagnostic information about adapter operations, including SQL statement execution, connection handling, and error conditions. Ensure you're running Oracle Access Manager for CICS Version 4.1 or higher to use EDF.

Oracle Net Tracing

To enable Oracle Net tracing, start the adapter with the TRACE keyword:

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ORA2 START MOD(ORA0N) TRACE

Trace records are written to a Generalized Trace Facility (GTF) data set if GTF is running, or to a CICS transient storage queue if GTF is not active. Captured trace records can be formatted using the CICTRCCL utility.

CICTRCCL Utility

The CICTRCCL utility formats trace records captured from Oracle Access Manager. It can be run as:

  • A batch job
  • A TSO command processor
  • An ISPF dialog

This utility helps analyze trace data to identify connection issues, SQL problems, and performance bottlenecks.

CEMT Commands for Adapter Monitoring

CEMT (CICS Execution Monitor Transaction) provides commands for querying and managing CICS resources, including adapters. These commands are essential for adapter monitoring and management.

CEMT Commands for Adapter Monitoring
CommandDescriptionUsage ExamplePurpose
CKQCCICS-MQ adapter control transactionIssue CKQC from CICS command line or within programsManage and monitor MQ connections, view queue status
CEMT INQUIRE ADAPTERQuery adapter status and configurationCEMT INQUIRE ADAPTER(name)View adapter connection status, resource information
CEMT SET ADAPTERModify adapter settingsCEMT SET ADAPTER(name) ENABLE/DISABLEEnable or disable adapters, modify configuration
CEMT PERFORM ADAPTERPerform adapter operationsCEMT PERFORM ADAPTER(name) RESETReset adapters, perform diagnostic operations

Example: Querying Adapter Status

To query the status of an adapter using CEMT:

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CEMT INQUIRE ADAPTER(MQADPT01) * This command displays: * - Adapter name and status * - Connection information * - Resource configuration * - Current state (enabled/disabled) * - Error information if applicable

Example: Enabling/Disabling Adapters

To enable or disable an adapter:

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CEMT SET ADAPTER(MQADPT01) ENABLE CEMT SET ADAPTER(MQADPT01) DISABLE * ENABLE: Makes the adapter available for use * DISABLE: Prevents the adapter from processing requests * Useful for maintenance or troubleshooting

Key Monitoring Metrics

Effective adapter monitoring requires tracking specific metrics that indicate adapter health, performance, and reliability. Understanding these metrics helps identify issues before they impact system operations.

Key Metrics for Adapter Monitoring
MetricDescriptionImportanceHow to Check
Connection StatusWhether the adapter is connected to the external systemCritical - indicates adapter availabilityCEMT INQUIRE ADAPTER or CKQC for MQ adapter
Queue DepthNumber of messages waiting in queuesHigh - indicates message backlog and potential delaysCKQC transaction for MQ, adapter-specific monitoring tools
Message ThroughputRate of messages processed per secondHigh - indicates adapter performancePerformance monitoring tools, CMF records
Error RateFrequency of errors or failed operationsCritical - indicates adapter health issuesError logs, CICS dumps, monitoring tools
Response TimeTime taken for adapter operations to completeHigh - indicates performance bottlenecksPerformance Analyzer, CMF records, timing measurements

Monitoring Tools and Solutions

Various tools and solutions are available for comprehensive CICS adapter monitoring, ranging from built-in CICS facilities to third-party enterprise monitoring solutions.

CICS Explorer

CICS Explorer provides graphical interfaces for monitoring adapters. It includes views for:

  • CICS-MQ connections and MQ monitors
  • Adapter resource definitions
  • Real-time adapter status
  • Performance metrics and statistics

CICS Explorer offers functionalities similar to EXEC CICS SPI commands but with a user-friendly graphical interface.

Rocket TMON for CICS

Rocket TMON for CICS provides real-time monitoring and performance management for CICS Transaction Server. It offers:

  • Comprehensive performance analysis
  • Adapter monitoring and reporting
  • Integration with other Rocket TMON products
  • Proactive issue resolution capabilities

BMC AMI Ops for CICS

BMC AMI Ops for CICS (formerly MainView for CICS Management) provides:

  • In-depth performance monitoring
  • Advanced automation for adapter management
  • Rapid troubleshooting capabilities
  • Automated recovery to prevent service disruptions

CICS Transaction Gateway

CICS Transaction Gateway enables real-time monitoring of CICS transactions and adapters. It provides:

  • Transaction monitoring
  • Adapter status tracking
  • Performance metrics collection
  • Integration with web-based monitoring dashboards

Best Practices for Adapter Monitoring

Following best practices ensures effective adapter monitoring and helps maintain reliable CICS operations.

Regular Monitoring Schedule

Establish a regular monitoring schedule to check adapter status, queue depths, and error rates. Automated monitoring tools can provide continuous monitoring and alerting.

Set Appropriate Thresholds

Define thresholds for key metrics such as queue depth, error rate, and response time. Configure alerts to notify operators when thresholds are exceeded.

Monitor Connection Health

Regularly verify adapter connections to external systems. Use CEMT commands or monitoring tools to check connection status and identify connection failures promptly.

Track Performance Trends

Monitor performance trends over time to identify gradual degradation. Use historical data to plan capacity increases and optimize adapter configuration.

Maintain Diagnostic Capabilities

Keep diagnostic facilities like EDF and tracing available for troubleshooting. Enable tracing when investigating issues, but disable it during normal operations to avoid performance impact.

Document Monitoring Procedures

Document monitoring procedures, alert thresholds, and escalation procedures. Ensure operations staff understand how to respond to adapter issues.

Common Adapter Issues and Troubleshooting

Understanding common adapter issues helps with quick problem resolution and system recovery.

Connection Failures

Connection failures can occur due to network issues, external system unavailability, or configuration problems. Check:

  • Network connectivity to external systems
  • Adapter configuration parameters
  • External system status and availability
  • Resource definition settings

Queue Depth Issues

High queue depths indicate message backlog and potential processing delays. Investigate:

  • Message processing rates
  • Consumer availability and performance
  • System resource constraints
  • Message volume spikes

Performance Degradation

Performance degradation can result from various factors:

  • Insufficient system resources
  • Network latency issues
  • External system performance problems
  • Inefficient adapter configuration

Exercises

Practice these exercises to reinforce your understanding of CICS adapter monitoring:

Exercise 1: Monitor CICS-MQ Adapter

Use the CKQC transaction to check the status of your CICS-MQ adapter. Identify:

  • Connection status
  • Queue depths for key queues
  • Message throughput rates
  • Any error conditions

Exercise 2: Query Adapter Status with CEMT

Use CEMT commands to query adapter status:

  • List all adapters in your CICS region
  • Query status of a specific adapter
  • Identify adapter configuration details

Exercise 3: Enable Oracle Access Manager Tracing

If you have Oracle Access Manager configured:

  • Enable tracing using the TRACE keyword
  • Capture trace records
  • Use CICTRCCL utility to format trace data
  • Analyze trace output for connection and SQL issues

Exercise 4: Set Up Monitoring Alerts

Configure monitoring alerts for:

  • Adapter connection failures
  • Queue depth thresholds
  • Error rate increases
  • Response time degradation

Summary

CICS adapter monitoring is essential for maintaining reliable communication between CICS and external systems. Key points to remember:

  • Adapters enable CICS to communicate with external systems like IBM MQ, Oracle databases, and web services
  • CKQC transaction provides control functions for CICS-MQ adapter monitoring
  • CEMT commands allow querying and managing adapter resources
  • Oracle Access Manager can be monitored using EDF and Oracle Net tracing
  • Key metrics include connection status, queue depths, message throughput, error rates, and response times
  • Various monitoring tools are available, from built-in CICS facilities to enterprise monitoring solutions
  • Regular monitoring, appropriate thresholds, and diagnostic capabilities are essential for effective adapter management

Test Your Knowledge

1. What is the primary purpose of CICS adapter monitoring?

  • To monitor CICS internal resources only
  • To observe, manage, and troubleshoot adapters connecting CICS to external systems
  • To monitor only database connections
  • To track user sessions

2. Which transaction provides control functions for the CICS-MQ adapter?

  • CEMT
  • CKQC
  • CEDF
  • CICS

3. What is created automatically when an MQCONN resource is installed with an INITQNAME attribute?

  • A new CICS region
  • An MQMONITOR resource named DFHMQINI
  • A database connection
  • A terminal session

4. How do you enable Oracle Net tracing for Oracle Access Manager for CICS?

  • Use the EDF keyword
  • Use the TRACE keyword when starting the adapter
  • Use CEMT commands only
  • It cannot be enabled

5. What command allows you to query adapter status in CICS?

  • CEMT INQUIRE ADAPTER
  • CKQC INQUIRE
  • CEDF ADAPTER
  • CICS QUERY ADAPTER

6. What is the purpose of MQMONITOR resources?

  • To monitor CICS regions
  • To define attributes for IBM MQ message consumers
  • To monitor database connections
  • To track user sessions

7. Where are Oracle Access Manager trace records written?

  • Only to database tables
  • To GTF data sets or CICS transient storage queues
  • Only to console output
  • To log files only

8. What utility can format Oracle Access Manager trace records?

  • CICSTRACE
  • CICTRCCL
  • CICSFORMAT
  • ORAFORMAT