Accessibility & Terminal Emulator Settings: Fonts, Colors, Screen Sizes

Configuring your terminal emulator for accessibility and optimal display is essential for comfortable and efficient mainframe work. Proper settings for fonts, colors, and screen sizes can significantly improve readability, reduce eye strain, and make working with ISPF more productive. This guide explains how to configure these settings across popular terminal emulators.

Accessibility in terminal emulators involves making the interface readable and usable for everyone, including those with visual impairments or other accessibility needs. Good configuration can benefit all users by reducing eye strain and improving overall usability.

Understanding Terminal Emulator Settings

Terminal emulator settings control how the terminal displays information:

Key Settings Categories

Key terminal emulator setting categories
Setting CategoryDescriptionImpact
FontsFont type, size, and styleReadability and character alignment
ColorsText, background, and highlight colorsVisibility and eye strain
Screen SizeTerminal dimensions (columns x rows)Display area and layout
Display OptionsCursor, scrolling, and other display featuresUsability and navigation

Font Configuration

Font configuration is critical for mainframe terminals:

Why Monospace Fonts?

Mainframe terminals require monospace fonts:

  • Character Alignment: Monospace fonts ensure characters align in columns
  • ISPF Layout: ISPF panels rely on fixed character positions
  • Code Display: Code and data align correctly with monospace fonts
  • Terminal Compatibility: Matches traditional mainframe terminal behavior

Recommended Fonts

Recommended monospace fonts for terminal emulators
Font NamePlatformNotes
Courier NewWindows, Mac, LinuxWidely available, good readability
ConsolasWindowsModern, clear, good for coding
MonacoMacMac default, clean appearance
DejaVu Sans MonoLinux, Windows, MacOpen source, excellent readability
Liberation MonoLinux, Windows, MacOpen source, good alternative
IBM Plex MonoAllModern, designed for coding

Font Size Guidelines

  • Standard: 10-12 points for normal use
  • Larger: 14-16 points for better readability
  • Accessibility: 18+ points for visual impairments
  • Screen Size: Adjust based on your screen size and resolution
  • Distance: Consider viewing distance when choosing size

Font Configuration Steps

General steps for configuring fonts (varies by emulator):

  • Open terminal emulator settings or configuration
  • Find Font or Display settings section
  • Select monospace font from font list
  • Choose appropriate font size
  • Enable font smoothing/antialiasing if available
  • Test font to ensure readability
  • Save settings

Color Configuration

Color configuration affects visibility and eye strain:

Color Scheme Options

Color scheme options
Color SchemeDescriptionBest For
Light BackgroundLight background (white/light gray) with dark textWell-lit environments, daytime use
Dark BackgroundDark background (black/dark gray) with light textLow-light environments, reduced eye strain
High ContrastMaximum contrast between text and backgroundAccessibility, visual impairments
CustomUser-defined color combinationsSpecific preferences or needs

Accessibility Color Guidelines

  • High Contrast: Use high contrast between text and background
  • Color Blindness: Don't rely solely on color to convey information
  • Readability: Ensure text is clearly readable against background
  • Comfort: Choose colors that are comfortable for extended use
  • Testing: Test colors in your actual work environment

Common Color Combinations

  • Classic Green on Black: Traditional mainframe terminal colors
  • White on Black: High contrast, easy to read
  • Black on White: Traditional document style
  • Amber on Black: Classic terminal style, reduced eye strain
  • Custom Schemes: User-defined for specific needs

Color Configuration Steps

General steps for configuring colors:

  • Open terminal emulator settings
  • Find Colors or Display settings section
  • Choose color scheme (light, dark, high contrast, custom)
  • Customize individual colors if needed
  • Adjust contrast for better visibility
  • Test colors to ensure comfort and readability
  • Save settings

Screen Size Configuration

Screen size configuration determines terminal dimensions:

Standard Screen Sizes

Standard screen sizes for mainframe terminals
Screen SizeColumnsRowsCommon Usage
Standard8024Traditional mainframe terminal size
Extended8032More vertical space, standard width
Wide13224Wide format, more horizontal space
Wide Extended13232Maximum display area
CustomVariableVariableUser-defined dimensions

Choosing Screen Size

  • Standard (80x24): Traditional size, compatible with all ISPF panels
  • Wide (132x24): More horizontal space, useful for wide datasets
  • Extended Rows: More vertical space, see more lines at once
  • Screen Resolution: Match to your display resolution
  • Comfort: Choose size that's comfortable for your screen

Screen Size Configuration Steps

General steps for configuring screen size:

  • Open terminal emulator settings
  • Find Terminal or Display settings section
  • Select screen size (80x24, 132x24, etc.)
  • Or specify custom columns and rows
  • Adjust window size to match terminal size
  • Test to ensure proper display
  • Save settings

Additional Display Options

Additional display options can improve usability:

Cursor Configuration

  • Cursor Style: Block, underline, or line cursor
  • Cursor Size: Normal or larger for visibility
  • Cursor Blink: Blinking or solid cursor
  • Cursor Color: Customize cursor color for visibility

Scrolling and Display

  • Scrollback: Number of lines to keep in scrollback buffer
  • Smooth Scrolling: Enable or disable smooth scrolling
  • Line Wrapping: Wrap long lines or truncate
  • Full Screen: Use full screen mode for maximum display area

Accessibility Features

  • Screen Magnification: Zoom or magnify display
  • High Contrast Mode: Maximum contrast for visibility
  • Screen Reader Support: Compatibility with screen readers
  • Keyboard Navigation: Full keyboard navigation support

Emulator-Specific Configuration

Configuration steps for popular emulators:

TN3270

  • Go to Settings → Display → Font
  • Select monospace font and size
  • Go to Settings → Display → Colors
  • Choose color scheme
  • Go to Settings → Terminal → Size
  • Select screen size
  • Save settings

PuTTY

  • Go to Window → Appearance → Font
  • Select monospace font and size
  • Go to Window → Colours
  • Choose color scheme or customize colors
  • Go to Window → Translation
  • Set character set if needed
  • Save session settings

SecureCRT

  • Go to Options → Session Options → Appearance
  • Configure font, colors, and display options
  • Go to Terminal → Emulation
  • Set terminal size and emulation settings
  • Save as session or global settings

MobaXterm

  • Go to Settings → Configuration → Terminal
  • Configure font, colors, and display
  • Set terminal size and options
  • Save settings

Accessibility Best Practices

Best practices for accessibility:

Visual Accessibility

  • Font Size: Use larger fonts (14-18+ points) for better readability
  • High Contrast: Use high contrast color schemes
  • Bold Text: Enable bold text if available for better visibility
  • Cursor Visibility: Make cursor large and visible
  • Screen Magnification: Use screen magnification if needed

Color Accessibility

  • Don't Rely on Color: Don't use color alone to convey information
  • High Contrast: Ensure sufficient contrast between text and background
  • Color Blindness: Consider color blindness when choosing colors
  • Test Colors: Test colors in your actual work environment

Display Accessibility

  • Full Screen: Use full screen mode for maximum display area
  • Appropriate Size: Choose screen size appropriate for your display
  • Comfortable Viewing: Position terminal at comfortable viewing distance
  • Reduce Glare: Adjust colors and brightness to reduce glare

Saving and Sharing Settings

Most emulators allow you to save and share settings:

Saving Settings

  • Session Profiles: Save settings as session profiles
  • Global Settings: Save as default settings for all sessions
  • Configuration Files: Export settings to configuration files
  • Backup: Keep backups of your settings

Sharing Settings

  • Team Standards: Share settings with team members
  • Documentation: Document settings for reference
  • Configuration Files: Share configuration files
  • Best Practices: Share accessibility best practices

Testing Your Configuration

Test your configuration to ensure it works well:

Readability Test

  • Connect to ISPF and view various panels
  • Check if text is clearly readable
  • Verify character alignment is correct
  • Test in different lighting conditions
  • Use for extended periods to check comfort

Functionality Test

  • Test ISPF navigation and menus
  • Verify editor displays correctly
  • Check dataset browsing and editing
  • Test all ISPF features you use
  • Ensure no display issues or glitches

Explain Like I'm 5: Terminal Emulator Settings

Think of terminal emulator settings like adjusting your TV:

  • Fonts are like the size and style of the words on your TV. You want words that are big enough to read easily and that look clear. For mainframe terminals, you need special fonts where every letter takes up the same amount of space (like blocks in a grid) so everything lines up correctly!
  • Colors are like the brightness and color settings on your TV. You can make the screen bright with dark words, or dark with bright words. Some people like one way, some like the other - it's all about what's comfortable for your eyes!
  • Screen Size is like how big your TV screen is. Mainframe terminals come in standard sizes - like a small TV (80 columns) or a wide TV (132 columns). You choose the size that fits your screen and what you're doing!
  • Accessibility is like making sure everyone can watch and enjoy the TV, no matter what. Some people need bigger words, some need brighter colors, some need different settings. The goal is to make it work for everyone!

So terminal emulator settings are like adjusting your TV to make it comfortable and easy to use - you can make the words bigger, change the colors, adjust the size, and make sure everyone can use it easily!

Practice Exercises

Practice configuring terminal emulator settings:

Exercise 1: Configure Fonts

Objective: Configure fonts for optimal readability.

Steps:

  • Open your terminal emulator settings
  • Find font configuration section
  • Select a monospace font
  • Choose an appropriate font size
  • Test the font in ISPF
  • Adjust size if needed
  • Save settings

Exercise 2: Configure Colors

Objective: Configure colors for comfort and visibility.

Steps:

  • Open your terminal emulator settings
  • Find color configuration section
  • Choose a color scheme (light, dark, high contrast)
  • Test colors in ISPF
  • Adjust colors if needed
  • Save settings

Exercise 3: Configure Screen Size

Objective: Configure screen size for your display.

Steps:

  • Open your terminal emulator settings
  • Find screen size configuration
  • Select appropriate screen size (80x24, 132x24, etc.)
  • Adjust window size to match
  • Test in ISPF
  • Save settings

Test Your Knowledge

1. What type of font is best for mainframe terminals?

  • Proportional font
  • Monospace font
  • Serif font
  • Sans-serif font

2. What is a common screen size for mainframe terminals?

  • 80x24
  • 100x30
  • 120x40
  • 160x50

3. What is important for accessibility in terminal emulators?

  • Small fonts
  • Low contrast
  • High contrast and readable fonts
  • Complex color schemes

4. Can you save terminal emulator settings?

  • No, settings are temporary
  • Yes, most emulators allow saving settings
  • Only in some emulators
  • Only for fonts

5. What is a wide screen size for mainframe terminals?

  • 80x24
  • 132x24
  • 100x30
  • 120x40

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