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COBOL Tutorial

COBOL ENVIRONMENT Division

The ENVIRONMENT Division represents a fundamental component of COBOL program structure, serving as the interface between the program and its execution environment. This division embodies system integration principles by defining computer configurations, file assignments, and I/O control specifications that enable programs to interact effectively with their operating environment, supporting portable and maintainable applications across different computing platforms.

Basic ENVIRONMENT Division Structure

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IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. ENVIRONMENT-DEMO.
 
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
CONFIGURATION SECTION.
SOURCE-COMPUTER. IBM-370.
OBJECT-COMPUTER. IBM-370.
SPECIAL-NAMES.
    DECIMAL-POINT IS COMMA
    CURRENCY SIGN IS "€"
    CONSOLE IS OPERATOR-CONSOLE
    C01 IS NEW-PAGE
    C02 IS NEW-LINE.
 
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
    SELECT CUSTOMER-FILE ASSIGN TO "CUST.DAT"
        ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL
        ACCESS MODE IS SEQUENTIAL
        FILE STATUS IS CUSTOMER-FILE-STATUS.
    
    SELECT TRANSACTION-FILE ASSIGN TO "TRANS.DAT"
        ORGANIZATION IS INDEXED
        ACCESS MODE IS DYNAMIC
        RECORD KEY IS TRANS-KEY
        FILE STATUS IS TRANSACTION-FILE-STATUS.
    
    SELECT REPORT-FILE ASSIGN TO "REPORT.TXT"
        ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL
        ACCESS MODE IS SEQUENTIAL
        FILE STATUS IS REPORT-FILE-STATUS.
 
I-O-CONTROL.
    RERUN ON CHECKPOINT-FILE EVERY 1000 RECORDS OF CUSTOMER-FILE
    SAME RECORD AREA FOR CUSTOMER-FILE, TRANSACTION-FILE
    MULTIPLE FILE TAPE CONTAINS CUSTOMER-FILE, TRANSACTION-FILE.
 
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01  FILE-STATUS-CONTROLS.
    05  CUSTOMER-FILE-STATUS    PIC XX.
    05  TRANSACTION-FILE-STATUS PIC XX.
    05  REPORT-FILE-STATUS      PIC XX.
 
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN-PROCESSING.
    DISPLAY "Environment Division configuration loaded"
    DISPLAY "Currency symbol: €"
    DISPLAY "Decimal point: European format (comma)"
    STOP RUN.

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