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COBOL Tutorial

COBOL END-SUBTRACT Statement

The END-SUBTRACT statement represents a fundamental component of arithmetic processing and calculation control in COBOL, serving as an explicit scope terminator that clearly defines the boundaries of SUBTRACT statement blocks. This statement embodies modern computational principles by providing unambiguous termination points for subtraction operations, enabling sophisticated arithmetic error handling and precision control, and supporting the development of robust financial and mathematical applications that require precise control over subtraction calculations and overflow conditions.

Basic END-SUBTRACT Usage

cobol
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IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. END-SUBTRACT-DEMO.
 
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01  ARITHMETIC-WORK-AREAS.
    05  FINANCIAL-CALCULATIONS.
        10  ACCOUNT-BALANCE     PIC 9(9)V99 VALUE 1500.75.
        10  WITHDRAWAL-AMOUNT   PIC 9(7)V99 VALUE 250.50.
        10  SERVICE-FEE         PIC 9(5)V99 VALUE 5.00.
        10  OVERDRAFT-FEE       PIC 9(5)V99 VALUE 35.00.
        10  NEW-BALANCE         PIC S9(9)V99.
    05  INVENTORY-CALCULATIONS.
        10  CURRENT-STOCK       PIC 9(7) VALUE 1000.
        10  ITEMS-SOLD          PIC 9(5) VALUE 150.
        10  ITEMS-RETURNED      PIC 9(5) VALUE 25.
        10  ADJUSTMENTS         PIC S9(5) VALUE -10.
        10  FINAL-STOCK         PIC 9(7).
 
01  CALCULATION-CONTROLS.
    05  OPERATIONS-COUNT        PIC 9(5) VALUE 0.
    05  SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS   PIC 9(5) VALUE 0.
    05  OVERFLOW-ERRORS         PIC 9(3) VALUE 0.
    05  SIZE-ERRORS             PIC 9(3) VALUE 0.
 
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN-PROCESSING.
    PERFORM DEMONSTRATE-BASIC-SUBTRACTION
    PERFORM DEMONSTRATE-CONDITIONAL-SUBTRACTION
    PERFORM DEMONSTRATE-COMPLEX-CALCULATIONS
    PERFORM DISPLAY-CALCULATION-STATISTICS
    STOP RUN.
 
DEMONSTRATE-BASIC-SUBTRACTION.
    DISPLAY 'Demonstrating basic subtraction operations...'
    
    *> Simple account balance calculation
    SUBTRACT WITHDRAWAL-AMOUNT FROM ACCOUNT-BALANCE
        ON SIZE ERROR
            DISPLAY 'Size error in withdrawal calculation'
            ADD 1 TO SIZE-ERRORS
        NOT ON SIZE ERROR
            DISPLAY 'New balance after withdrawal: ' ACCOUNT-BALANCE
            ADD 1 TO SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS
    END-SUBTRACT
    
    ADD 1 TO OPERATIONS-COUNT.
 
DEMONSTRATE-CONDITIONAL-SUBTRACTION.
    DISPLAY 'Demonstrating conditional subtraction operations...'
    
    *> Subtract with multiple conditions
    SUBTRACT SERVICE-FEE FROM ACCOUNT-BALANCE
        ON SIZE ERROR
            DISPLAY 'Size error in service fee calculation'
            ADD 1 TO SIZE-ERRORS
        NOT ON SIZE ERROR
            DISPLAY 'Balance after service fee: ' ACCOUNT-BALANCE
            
            *> Check for overdraft
            IF ACCOUNT-BALANCE < 0
                SUBTRACT OVERDRAFT-FEE FROM ACCOUNT-BALANCE
                    ON SIZE ERROR
                        DISPLAY 'Size error in overdraft fee'
                        ADD 1 TO SIZE-ERRORS
                    NOT ON SIZE ERROR
                        DISPLAY 'Overdraft fee applied: ' ACCOUNT-BALANCE
                        ADD 1 TO SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS
                END-SUBTRACT
            END-IF
            
            ADD 1 TO SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS
    END-SUBTRACT
    
    ADD 1 TO OPERATIONS-COUNT.
 
DEMONSTRATE-COMPLEX-CALCULATIONS.
    DISPLAY 'Demonstrating complex calculations...'
    
    *> Multi-step inventory calculation
    SUBTRACT ITEMS-SOLD FROM CURRENT-STOCK
        ON SIZE ERROR
            DISPLAY 'Size error in stock reduction'
            ADD 1 TO SIZE-ERRORS
        NOT ON SIZE ERROR
            DISPLAY 'Stock after sales: ' CURRENT-STOCK
            
            *> Add back returns (subtract negative)
            SUBTRACT ITEMS-RETURNED FROM CURRENT-STOCK
                ON SIZE ERROR
                    DISPLAY 'Size error in returns processing'
                    ADD 1 TO SIZE-ERRORS
                NOT ON SIZE ERROR
                    DISPLAY 'Stock after returns: ' CURRENT-STOCK
                    ADD 1 TO SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS
            END-SUBTRACT
            
            ADD 1 TO SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS
    END-SUBTRACT
    
    ADD 1 TO OPERATIONS-COUNT.
 
DISPLAY-CALCULATION-STATISTICS.
    DISPLAY 'Calculation Statistics:'
    DISPLAY 'Total operations: ' OPERATIONS-COUNT
    DISPLAY 'Successful operations: ' SUCCESSFUL-OPERATIONS
    DISPLAY 'Size errors: ' SIZE-ERRORS
    DISPLAY 'Final account balance: ' ACCOUNT-BALANCE
    DISPLAY 'Final stock level: ' CURRENT-STOCK.

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