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COBOL TERMINATE Statement - Quick Reference

The TERMINATE statement in COBOL is used to end report processing and finalize report generation. It completes the report processing cycle by generating final output, processing any remaining report data, and ensuring proper report formatting.

Primary Use

End report processing and finalize report generation

Division

PROCEDURE DIVISION

Type

Report processing statement

Status

Required for report completion

Overview

The TERMINATE statement is a crucial part of COBOL report processing. It is used to finalize report generation after all data has been processed. When TERMINATE is executed, it processes any remaining report data, generates final summaries, formats the complete report, and ensures all report sections are properly closed. This statement is essential for completing the report processing cycle and producing the final report output.

Syntax

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TERMINATE report-name.
 
* Examples:
TERMINATE SALES-REPORT.
TERMINATE INVENTORY-REPORT.
TERMINATE CUSTOMER-REPORT.
 
* In a complete report processing sequence:
INITIATE report-name
* ... process data and generate report lines ...
TERMINATE report-name
CLOSE report-file.

Practical Examples

Basic TERMINATE Usage

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* Basic TERMINATE example
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. BASIC-TERMINATE-EXAMPLE.
 
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
    SELECT SALES-FILE ASSIGN TO "SALES.DAT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
    SELECT SALES-REPORT ASSIGN TO "SALES.RPT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
 
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD  SALES-FILE.
01  SALES-RECORD.
    05  SALE-DATE      PIC 9(8).
    05  SALE-AMOUNT    PIC 9(7)V99.
    05  SALE-PRODUCT   PIC X(20).
 
SD  SALES-REPORT.
01  REPORT-LINE        PIC X(80).
 
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01  WS-EOF-FLAG        PIC X VALUE 'N'.
    88  END-OF-FILE    VALUE 'Y'.
 
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN-LOGIC.
    * Initialize report
    INITIATE SALES-REPORT
    
    * Open input file
    OPEN INPUT SALES-FILE
    
    * Process sales records
    PERFORM UNTIL END-OF-FILE
        READ SALES-FILE
            AT END
                SET END-OF-FILE TO TRUE
            NOT AT END
                PERFORM PROCESS-SALES-RECORD
        END-READ
    END-PERFORM
    
    * Terminate report processing
    TERMINATE SALES-REPORT
    
    * Close files
    CLOSE SALES-FILE
    
    DISPLAY "Report processing completed"
    STOP RUN.
 
PROCESS-SALES-RECORD.
    * Process individual sales record
    * Generate report lines as needed
    DISPLAY "Processing sale: " SALE-AMOUNT.

Explanation: This example demonstrates basic usage of the TERMINATE statement. The program initializes a sales report, processes sales records from an input file, and then terminates the report processing after all records have been processed. The TERMINATE statement finalizes the report generation, ensuring that all report data is properly formatted and output. This is the standard pattern for report processing in COBOL.

Multiple Report TERMINATE

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* Multiple report TERMINATE example
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. MULTIPLE-REPORT-EXAMPLE.
 
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
    SELECT INVENTORY-FILE ASSIGN TO "INVENTORY.DAT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
    SELECT SUMMARY-REPORT ASSIGN TO "SUMMARY.RPT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
    SELECT DETAIL-REPORT ASSIGN TO "DETAIL.RPT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
 
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD  INVENTORY-FILE.
01  INVENTORY-RECORD.
    05  ITEM-ID        PIC 9(5).
    05  ITEM-NAME      PIC X(30).
    05  ITEM-QUANTITY  PIC 9(4).
    05  ITEM-PRICE     PIC 9(5)V99.
 
SD  SUMMARY-REPORT.
01  SUMMARY-LINE       PIC X(80).
 
SD  DETAIL-REPORT.
01  DETAIL-LINE        PIC X(80).
 
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01  WS-EOF-FLAG        PIC X VALUE 'N'.
    88  END-OF-FILE    VALUE 'Y'.
01  WS-TOTAL-VALUE     PIC 9(9)V99 VALUE 0.
 
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN-LOGIC.
    * Initialize both reports
    INITIATE SUMMARY-REPORT
    INITIATE DETAIL-REPORT
    
    * Open input file
    OPEN INPUT INVENTORY-FILE
    
    * Process inventory records
    PERFORM UNTIL END-OF-FILE
        READ INVENTORY-FILE
            AT END
                SET END-OF-FILE TO TRUE
            NOT AT END
                PERFORM PROCESS-INVENTORY-RECORD
        END-READ
    END-PERFORM
    
    * Terminate both reports
    TERMINATE SUMMARY-REPORT
    TERMINATE DETAIL-REPORT
    
    * Close input file
    CLOSE INVENTORY-FILE
    
    DISPLAY "Both reports completed"
    DISPLAY "Total inventory value: " WS-TOTAL-VALUE
    STOP RUN.
 
PROCESS-INVENTORY-RECORD.
    * Process individual inventory record
    * Generate detail report line
    * Update summary totals
    COMPUTE WS-TOTAL-VALUE = WS-TOTAL-VALUE + 
        (ITEM-QUANTITY * ITEM-PRICE)
    
    DISPLAY "Processing item: " ITEM-NAME.

Explanation: This example shows how to use TERMINATE with multiple reports. The program generates both a summary report and a detail report from the same inventory data. After processing all records, both reports are terminated using separate TERMINATE statements. This ensures that each report is properly finalized and all report data is correctly formatted and output. The TERMINATE statements are executed after all data processing is complete.

Report with Final Summary

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* Report with final summary TERMINATE example
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. SUMMARY-REPORT-EXAMPLE.
 
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
    SELECT CUSTOMER-FILE ASSIGN TO "CUSTOMER.DAT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
    SELECT CUSTOMER-REPORT ASSIGN TO "CUSTOMER.RPT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
 
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD  CUSTOMER-FILE.
01  CUSTOMER-RECORD.
    05  CUST-ID        PIC 9(5).
    05  CUST-NAME      PIC X(30).
    05  CUST-BALANCE   PIC 9(7)V99.
    05  CUST-STATUS    PIC X(1).
 
SD  CUSTOMER-REPORT.
01  REPORT-LINE        PIC X(80).
 
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01  WS-EOF-FLAG        PIC X VALUE 'N'.
    88  END-OF-FILE    VALUE 'Y'.
01  WS-REPORT-STATS.
    05  WS-TOTAL-CUSTOMERS PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
    05  WS-TOTAL-BALANCE   PIC 9(9)V99 VALUE 0.
    05  WS-ACTIVE-CUSTOMERS PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
 
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN-LOGIC.
    * Initialize report
    INITIATE CUSTOMER-REPORT
    
    * Open input file
    OPEN INPUT CUSTOMER-FILE
    
    * Process customer records
    PERFORM UNTIL END-OF-FILE
        READ CUSTOMER-FILE
            AT END
                SET END-OF-FILE TO TRUE
            NOT AT END
                PERFORM PROCESS-CUSTOMER-RECORD
        END-READ
    END-PERFORM
    
    * Generate final summary before terminating
    PERFORM GENERATE-FINAL-SUMMARY
    
    * Terminate report processing
    TERMINATE CUSTOMER-REPORT
    
    * Close input file
    CLOSE CUSTOMER-FILE
    
    DISPLAY "Customer report completed"
    STOP RUN.
 
PROCESS-CUSTOMER-RECORD.
    * Process individual customer record
    ADD 1 TO WS-TOTAL-CUSTOMERS
    ADD CUST-BALANCE TO WS-TOTAL-BALANCE
    
    IF CUST-STATUS = 'A'
        ADD 1 TO WS-ACTIVE-CUSTOMERS
    END-IF
    
    * Generate report line for customer
    DISPLAY "Processing customer: " CUST-NAME.
 
GENERATE-FINAL-SUMMARY.
    * Generate final summary statistics
    DISPLAY "=== FINAL SUMMARY ==="
    DISPLAY "Total customers: " WS-TOTAL-CUSTOMERS
    DISPLAY "Active customers: " WS-ACTIVE-CUSTOMERS
    DISPLAY "Total balance: " WS-TOTAL-BALANCE
    
    * Calculate average balance
    IF WS-TOTAL-CUSTOMERS > 0
        COMPUTE WS-AVG-BALANCE = WS-TOTAL-BALANCE / WS-TOTAL-CUSTOMERS
        DISPLAY "Average balance: " WS-AVG-BALANCE
    END-IF.

Explanation: This example demonstrates using TERMINATE with a report that includes final summary statistics. The program processes customer records, accumulates statistics, and then generates a final summary before terminating the report. The TERMINATE statement ensures that the final summary is properly included in the report output and that all report processing is completed correctly. This pattern is common for reports that need to include summary information at the end.

Error Handling with TERMINATE

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* Error handling with TERMINATE example
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. ERROR-HANDLING-TERMINATE-EXAMPLE.
 
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
    SELECT TRANSACTION-FILE ASSIGN TO "TRANS.DAT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
    SELECT TRANSACTION-REPORT ASSIGN TO "TRANS.RPT"
           ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL.
 
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD  TRANSACTION-FILE.
01  TRANSACTION-RECORD.
    05  TRANS-ID       PIC 9(6).
    05  TRANS-AMOUNT   PIC 9(7)V99.
    05  TRANS-TYPE     PIC X(1).
 
SD  TRANSACTION-REPORT.
01  REPORT-LINE        PIC X(80).
 
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01  WS-EOF-FLAG        PIC X VALUE 'N'.
    88  END-OF-FILE    VALUE 'Y'.
01  WS-ERROR-COUNT     PIC 9(3) VALUE 0.
01  WS-PROCESS-COUNT   PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
 
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN-LOGIC.
    * Initialize report
    INITIATE TRANSACTION-REPORT
    
    * Open input file
    OPEN INPUT TRANSACTION-FILE
    IF WS-FILE-STATUS NOT = "00"
        DISPLAY "Error opening transaction file"
        STOP RUN
    END-IF
    
    * Process transaction records
    PERFORM UNTIL END-OF-FILE
        READ TRANSACTION-FILE
            AT END
                SET END-OF-FILE TO TRUE
            NOT AT END
                IF WS-FILE-STATUS = "00"
                    PERFORM PROCESS-TRANSACTION-RECORD
                ELSE
                    ADD 1 TO WS-ERROR-COUNT
                    DISPLAY "Error reading record"
                END-IF
        END-READ
    END-PERFORM
    
    * Generate error summary
    PERFORM GENERATE-ERROR-SUMMARY
    
    * Terminate report even if errors occurred
    TERMINATE TRANSACTION-REPORT
    
    * Close input file
    CLOSE TRANSACTION-FILE
    
    DISPLAY "Report processing completed"
    DISPLAY "Records processed: " WS-PROCESS-COUNT
    DISPLAY "Errors encountered: " WS-ERROR-COUNT
    STOP RUN.
 
PROCESS-TRANSACTION-RECORD.
    * Process individual transaction record
    ADD 1 TO WS-PROCESS-COUNT
    
    * Validate transaction data
    IF TRANS-AMOUNT <= 0
        ADD 1 TO WS-ERROR-COUNT
        DISPLAY "Invalid amount for transaction: " TRANS-ID
    ELSE
        * Process valid transaction
        DISPLAY "Processing transaction: " TRANS-ID
    END-IF.
 
GENERATE-ERROR-SUMMARY.
    * Generate summary of processing results
    DISPLAY "=== PROCESSING SUMMARY ==="
    DISPLAY "Total records processed: " WS-PROCESS-COUNT
    DISPLAY "Total errors encountered: " WS-ERROR-COUNT
    
    IF WS-ERROR-COUNT > 0
        DISPLAY "WARNING: Errors were encountered during processing"
    ELSE
        DISPLAY "SUCCESS: All records processed without errors"
    END-IF.

Explanation: This example shows how to use TERMINATE in an error handling scenario. The program processes transaction records and tracks both successful processing and errors. Even when errors occur, the TERMINATE statement is still executed to ensure that the report is properly finalized and any valid data is included in the report output. This demonstrates that TERMINATE should be called regardless of whether errors occurred during processing, as it completes the report generation process.

Best Practices and Considerations

Important Considerations

TERMINATE must be called after all data processing
Use TERMINATE even if errors occur during processing
Generate final summaries before TERMINATE
Ensure all report data is processed before termination
Close files after TERMINATE execution

Advantages

Ensures proper report completion
Generates final report output
Processes remaining report data
Provides structured report processing
Handles report formatting automatically

Limitations

Must be used in correct sequence
Cannot be used without INITIATE
May not handle all error conditions
Requires proper report setup
May not be available in all COBOL implementations

Best Practices

• Always call TERMINATE after processing all data
• Generate final summaries before TERMINATE
• Use TERMINATE even when errors occur
• Close files after TERMINATE execution
• Ensure proper INITIATE-TERMINATE pairing

COBOL Tutorial

COBOL TERMINATE Statement - Quick Reference

Primary Use

Division

Type

Status

Overview

Syntax

Practical Examples

Basic TERMINATE Usage

Multiple Report TERMINATE

Report with Final Summary

Error Handling with TERMINATE

Best Practices and Considerations

Important Considerations

Advantages

Limitations

Best Practices

Test Your Knowledge

Related Concepts

INITIATE Statement

Report Writer

File Processing

Error Handling

Procedure Division

Related Pages

COBOL Tutorial

COBOL TERMINATE Statement - Quick Reference

Primary Use

Division

Type

Status

Overview

Syntax

Practical Examples

Basic TERMINATE Usage

Multiple Report TERMINATE

Report with Final Summary

Error Handling with TERMINATE

Best Practices and Considerations

Important Considerations

Advantages

Limitations

Best Practices

Test Your Knowledge

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Concepts

INITIATE Statement

Report Writer

File Processing

Error Handling

Procedure Division

Related Pages