MainframeMaster

COBOL Data Processing

Data processing encompasses comprehensive manipulation, transformation, and analysis of data using various COBOL operations. Learn arithmetic processing, string manipulation, file operations, and data validation techniques.

Arithmetic Data Processing

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 ARITHMETIC-PROCESSING.
           05 INPUT-DATA.
               10 AMOUNT-1 PIC 9(6)V99.
               10 AMOUNT-2 PIC 9(6)V99.
               10 AMOUNT-3 PIC 9(6)V99.
           05 PROCESSED-DATA.
               10 TOTAL-AMOUNT PIC 9(9)V99.
               10 AVERAGE-AMOUNT PIC 9(6)V99.
               10 PERCENTAGE PIC 9(3)V99.
               10 DISCOUNT-AMOUNT PIC 9(6)V99.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM ARITHMETIC-DATA-PROCESSING
       
       ARITHMETIC-DATA-PROCESSING.
           MOVE 1000.50 TO AMOUNT-1
           MOVE 1500.75 TO AMOUNT-2
           MOVE 2000.25 TO AMOUNT-3
           
           *> Calculate total amount
           ADD AMOUNT-1 AMOUNT-2 AMOUNT-3 GIVING TOTAL-AMOUNT
           
           *> Calculate average
           DIVIDE TOTAL-AMOUNT BY 3 GIVING AVERAGE-AMOUNT
           
           *> Calculate percentage
           COMPUTE PERCENTAGE = (AMOUNT-1 / TOTAL-AMOUNT) * 100
           
           *> Calculate discount
           MULTIPLY TOTAL-AMOUNT BY 0.10 GIVING DISCOUNT-AMOUNT
           
           DISPLAY 'Arithmetic processing results:'
           DISPLAY 'Total Amount: ' TOTAL-AMOUNT
           DISPLAY 'Average Amount: ' AVERAGE-AMOUNT
           DISPLAY 'Percentage: ' PERCENTAGE '%'
           DISPLAY 'Discount: ' DISCOUNT-AMOUNT.

Perform arithmetic data processing using ADD, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE, and COMPUTE statements. Calculate totals, averages, percentages, and other mathematical operations for data analysis.

String Data Processing

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 STRING-PROCESSING.
           05 INPUT-STRINGS.
               10 FIRST-NAME PIC X(15).
               10 LAST-NAME PIC X(20).
               10 MIDDLE-INITIAL PIC X.
               10 PHONE-NUMBER PIC X(12).
           05 PROCESSED-STRINGS.
               10 FULL-NAME PIC X(40).
               10 FORMATTED-PHONE PIC X(14).
               10 INITIALS PIC X(5).
               10 DISPLAY-NAME PIC X(50).
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM STRING-DATA-PROCESSING
       
       STRING-DATA-PROCESSING.
           MOVE 'JOHN' TO FIRST-NAME
           MOVE 'SMITH' TO LAST-NAME
           MOVE 'A' TO MIDDLE-INITIAL
           MOVE '1234567890' TO PHONE-NUMBER
           
           *> Concatenate full name
           STRING FIRST-NAME ' ' LAST-NAME
               INTO FULL-NAME
           END-STRING
           
           *> Format phone number
           STRING '(' PHONE-NUMBER(1:3) ') ' 
                  PHONE-NUMBER(4:3) '-' 
                  PHONE-NUMBER(7:4)
               INTO FORMATTED-PHONE
           END-STRING
           
           *> Create initials
           STRING FIRST-NAME(1:1) '.' MIDDLE-INITIAL '.' LAST-NAME(1:1) '.'
               INTO INITIALS
           END-STRING
           
           *> Create display name
           STRING FULL-NAME ' (' FORMATTED-PHONE ')'
               INTO DISPLAY-NAME
           END-STRING
           
           DISPLAY 'String processing results:'
           DISPLAY 'Full Name: ' FULL-NAME
           DISPLAY 'Formatted Phone: ' FORMATTED-PHONE
           DISPLAY 'Initials: ' INITIALS
           DISPLAY 'Display Name: ' DISPLAY-NAME.

Process string data using STRING statements for concatenation and formatting. Combine multiple strings, format data for display, and create structured output from individual components.

Data Validation and Cleaning

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 DATA-VALIDATION-CLEANING.
           05 RAW-DATA.
               10 CUSTOMER-ID PIC X(10).
               10 CUSTOMER-NAME PIC X(30).
               10 CUSTOMER-PHONE PIC X(15).
               10 CUSTOMER-EMAIL PIC X(40).
           05 CLEANED-DATA.
               10 VALID-CUSTOMER-ID PIC 9(6).
               10 CLEANED-CUSTOMER-NAME PIC X(30).
               10 FORMATTED-PHONE PIC X(12).
               10 VALIDATED-EMAIL PIC X(40).
           05 VALIDATION-FLAGS.
               10 ID-VALID PIC X.
               10 NAME-VALID PIC X.
               10 PHONE-VALID PIC X.
               10 EMAIL-VALID PIC X.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM DATA-VALIDATION-CLEANING
       
       DATA-VALIDATION-CLEANING.
           MOVE ' 123456 ' TO CUSTOMER-ID
           MOVE 'john smith  ' TO CUSTOMER-NAME
           MOVE '(123) 456-7890' TO CUSTOMER-PHONE
           MOVE 'john@email.com' TO CUSTOMER-EMAIL
           
           *> Clean and validate customer ID
           PERFORM CLEAN-CUSTOMER-ID
           
           *> Clean customer name
           PERFORM CLEAN-CUSTOMER-NAME
           
           *> Format phone number
           PERFORM FORMAT-PHONE-NUMBER
           
           *> Validate email
           PERFORM VALIDATE-EMAIL
           
           DISPLAY 'Data validation and cleaning results:'
           DISPLAY 'Valid ID: ' VALID-CUSTOMER-ID
           DISPLAY 'Cleaned Name: ' CLEANED-CUSTOMER-NAME
           DISPLAY 'Formatted Phone: ' FORMATTED-PHONE
           DISPLAY 'Validated Email: ' VALIDATED-EMAIL.
       
       CLEAN-CUSTOMER-ID.
           *> Remove spaces and validate numeric
           INSPECT CUSTOMER-ID REPLACING ALL SPACES BY ZEROS
           IF CUSTOMER-ID IS NUMERIC
               MOVE CUSTOMER-ID TO VALID-CUSTOMER-ID
               MOVE 'Y' TO ID-VALID
           ELSE
               MOVE 'N' TO ID-VALID
           END-IF.

Implement data validation and cleaning procedures to ensure data quality. Remove unwanted characters, validate data formats, and clean data for consistent processing.

Data Transformation

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 DATA-TRANSFORMATION.
           05 SOURCE-DATA.
               10 SOURCE-DATE PIC 9(8).
               10 SOURCE-AMOUNT PIC 9(9)V99.
               10 SOURCE-STATUS PIC X.
           05 TRANSFORMED-DATA.
               10 FORMATTED-DATE PIC X(10).
               10 CURRENCY-AMOUNT PIC X(15).
               10 STATUS-DESCRIPTION PIC X(20).
           05 TRANSFORMATION-RULES.
               10 DATE-FORMAT PIC X(10) VALUE 'MM/DD/YYYY'.
               10 CURRENCY-SYMBOL PIC X VALUE '$'.
               10 DECIMAL-PLACES PIC 9 VALUE 2.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM DATA-TRANSFORMATION-OPERATION
       
       DATA-TRANSFORMATION-OPERATION.
           MOVE 20231225 TO SOURCE-DATE
           MOVE 1500.50 TO SOURCE-AMOUNT
           MOVE 'A' TO SOURCE-STATUS
           
           *> Transform date format
           STRING SOURCE-DATE(5:2) '/' 
                  SOURCE-DATE(7:2) '/' 
                  SOURCE-DATE(1:4)
               INTO FORMATTED-DATE
           END-STRING
           
           *> Transform amount to currency format
           STRING CURRENCY-SYMBOL SOURCE-AMOUNT
               INTO CURRENCY-AMOUNT
           END-STRING
           
           *> Transform status code to description
           EVALUATE SOURCE-STATUS
               WHEN 'A'
                   MOVE 'ACTIVE' TO STATUS-DESCRIPTION
               WHEN 'I'
                   MOVE 'INACTIVE' TO STATUS-DESCRIPTION
               WHEN 'S'
                   MOVE 'SUSPENDED' TO STATUS-DESCRIPTION
               WHEN OTHER
                   MOVE 'UNKNOWN' TO STATUS-DESCRIPTION
           END-EVALUATE
           
           DISPLAY 'Data transformation results:'
           DISPLAY 'Formatted Date: ' FORMATTED-DATE
           DISPLAY 'Currency Amount: ' CURRENCY-AMOUNT
           DISPLAY 'Status Description: ' STATUS-DESCRIPTION.

Transform data from one format to another using STRING statements, EVALUATE statements, and formatting rules. Convert dates, format currency, and transform codes to descriptions.

Batch Data Processing

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 BATCH-PROCESSING.
           05 BATCH-CONTROL.
               10 BATCH-SIZE PIC 9(4) VALUE 1000.
               10 RECORDS-PROCESSED PIC 9(6) VALUE 0.
               10 RECORDS-SUCCESSFUL PIC 9(6) VALUE 0.
               10 RECORDS-FAILED PIC 9(6) VALUE 0.
           05 BATCH-STATISTICS.
               10 TOTAL-AMOUNT PIC 9(12)V99 VALUE 0.
               10 AVERAGE-AMOUNT PIC 9(9)V99.
               10 PROCESSING-TIME PIC 9(6).
               10 SUCCESS-RATE PIC 9(3)V99.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM BATCH-DATA-PROCESSING
       
       BATCH-DATA-PROCESSING.
           MOVE FUNCTION CURRENT-TIME TO START-TIME
           
           OPEN INPUT INPUT-FILE
           OPEN OUTPUT OUTPUT-FILE
           
           PERFORM UNTIL EOF
               READ INPUT-FILE AT END SET EOF TO TRUE
               NOT AT END
                   ADD 1 TO RECORDS-PROCESSED
                   PERFORM PROCESS-SINGLE-RECORD
                   IF PROCESSING-SUCCESSFUL
                       ADD 1 TO RECORDS-SUCCESSFUL
                       WRITE OUTPUT-RECORD FROM PROCESSED-RECORD
                   ELSE
                       ADD 1 TO RECORDS-FAILED
                   END-IF
               END-READ
           END-PERFORM
           
           CLOSE INPUT-FILE OUTPUT-FILE
           
           MOVE FUNCTION CURRENT-TIME TO END-TIME
           COMPUTE PROCESSING-TIME = END-TIME - START-TIME
           COMPUTE SUCCESS-RATE = (RECORDS-SUCCESSFUL / RECORDS-PROCESSED) * 100
           
           DISPLAY 'Batch processing completed:'
           DISPLAY 'Records processed: ' RECORDS-PROCESSED
           DISPLAY 'Records successful: ' RECORDS-SUCCESSFUL
           DISPLAY 'Records failed: ' RECORDS-FAILED
           DISPLAY 'Success rate: ' SUCCESS-RATE '%'
           DISPLAY 'Processing time: ' PROCESSING-TIME ' seconds'.

Implement batch data processing for handling large volumes of data efficiently. Process records in batches, track statistics, monitor success rates, and measure processing performance.

Data Aggregation and Summarization

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 DATA-AGGREGATION.
           05 TRANSACTION-DATA.
               10 TRANSACTION-AMOUNT PIC 9(9)V99.
               10 TRANSACTION-DATE PIC 9(8).
               10 TRANSACTION-TYPE PIC X.
           05 AGGREGATED-DATA.
               10 DAILY-TOTAL PIC 9(12)V99 VALUE 0.
               10 MONTHLY-TOTAL PIC 9(12)V99 VALUE 0.
               10 YEARLY-TOTAL PIC 9(12)V99 VALUE 0.
               10 TRANSACTION-COUNT PIC 9(8) VALUE 0.
           05 SUMMARY-STATISTICS.
               10 AVERAGE-TRANSACTION PIC 9(9)V99.
               10 MAX-TRANSACTION PIC 9(9)V99 VALUE 0.
               10 MIN-TRANSACTION PIC 9(9)V99 VALUE 999999.99.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM DATA-AGGREGATION-OPERATION
       
       DATA-AGGREGATION-OPERATION.
           *> Process transactions and aggregate data
           PERFORM UNTIL EOF
               READ TRANSACTION-FILE AT END SET EOF TO TRUE
               NOT AT END
                   ADD TRANSACTION-AMOUNT TO DAILY-TOTAL
                   ADD TRANSACTION-AMOUNT TO MONTHLY-TOTAL
                   ADD TRANSACTION-AMOUNT TO YEARLY-TOTAL
                   ADD 1 TO TRANSACTION-COUNT
                   
                   *> Track min/max values
                   IF TRANSACTION-AMOUNT > MAX-TRANSACTION
                       MOVE TRANSACTION-AMOUNT TO MAX-TRANSACTION
                   END-IF
                   IF TRANSACTION-AMOUNT < MIN-TRANSACTION
                       MOVE TRANSACTION-AMOUNT TO MIN-TRANSACTION
                   END-IF
               END-READ
           END-PERFORM
           
           *> Calculate average
           IF TRANSACTION-COUNT > 0
               DIVIDE YEARLY-TOTAL BY TRANSACTION-COUNT GIVING AVERAGE-TRANSACTION
           END-IF
           
           DISPLAY 'Data aggregation results:'
           DISPLAY 'Daily Total: ' DAILY-TOTAL
           DISPLAY 'Monthly Total: ' MONTHLY-TOTAL
           DISPLAY 'Yearly Total: ' YEARLY-TOTAL
           DISPLAY 'Transaction Count: ' TRANSACTION-COUNT
           DISPLAY 'Average Transaction: ' AVERAGE-TRANSACTION
           DISPLAY 'Max Transaction: ' MAX-TRANSACTION
           DISPLAY 'Min Transaction: ' MIN-TRANSACTION.

Perform data aggregation and summarization by calculating totals, averages, counts, and statistical measures. Track min/max values and generate comprehensive summaries from transaction data.

Data Processing Error Handling

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 PROCESSING-ERROR-HANDLING.
           05 ERROR-CONTROL.
               10 ERROR-COUNT PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
               10 MAX-ERRORS PIC 9(4) VALUE 100.
               10 PROCESSING-STATUS PIC X.
                   88 PROCESSING-SUCCESS VALUE 'S'.
                   88 PROCESSING-FAILED VALUE 'F'.
           05 ERROR-TYPES.
               10 VALIDATION-ERROR PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
               10 CALCULATION-ERROR PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
               10 I-O-ERROR PIC 9(4) VALUE 0.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM PROCESSING-WITH-ERROR-HANDLING
       
       PROCESSING-WITH-ERROR-HANDLING.
           MOVE 'S' TO PROCESSING-STATUS
           
           PERFORM UNTIL EOF OR PROCESSING-FAILED
               READ INPUT-FILE AT END SET EOF TO TRUE
               NOT AT END
                   PERFORM VALIDATE-RECORD
                   IF VALIDATION-SUCCESSFUL
                       PERFORM PROCESS-RECORD
                       IF PROCESSING-SUCCESSFUL
                           WRITE OUTPUT-RECORD
                       ELSE
                           ADD 1 TO CALCULATION-ERROR
                           ADD 1 TO ERROR-COUNT
                       END-IF
                   ELSE
                       ADD 1 TO VALIDATION-ERROR
                       ADD 1 TO ERROR-COUNT
                   END-IF
                   
                   *> Check error threshold
                   IF ERROR-COUNT > MAX-ERRORS
                       MOVE 'F' TO PROCESSING-STATUS
                       DISPLAY 'Error threshold exceeded - stopping processing'
                   END-IF
               END-READ
           END-PERFORM
           
           DISPLAY 'Processing error summary:'
           DISPLAY 'Total errors: ' ERROR-COUNT
           DISPLAY 'Validation errors: ' VALIDATION-ERROR
           DISPLAY 'Calculation errors: ' CALCULATION-ERROR
           DISPLAY 'I/O errors: ' I-O-ERROR.

Implement comprehensive error handling for data processing operations. Track different error types, monitor error thresholds, and provide detailed error reporting for troubleshooting.

Performance Optimization

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       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 PERFORMANCE-OPTIMIZATION.
           05 OPTIMIZATION-METRICS.
               10 PROCESSING-TIME PIC 9(6).
               10 RECORDS-PER-SECOND PIC 9(6).
               10 MEMORY-USAGE PIC 9(8).
               10 I-O-OPERATIONS PIC 9(6).
           05 OPTIMIZATION-TECHNIQUES.
               10 BATCH-SIZE PIC 9(4) VALUE 1000.
               10 BUFFER-SIZE PIC 9(6) VALUE 10000.
               10 PARALLEL-PROCESSING PIC X VALUE 'N'.
       
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PERFORM OPTIMIZED-DATA-PROCESSING
       
       OPTIMIZED-DATA-PROCESSING.
           MOVE FUNCTION CURRENT-TIME TO START-TIME
           MOVE 0 TO I-O-OPERATIONS
           
           *> Use optimized processing techniques
           PERFORM PROCESS-IN-BATCHES
           
           MOVE FUNCTION CURRENT-TIME TO END-TIME
           COMPUTE PROCESSING-TIME = END-TIME - START-TIME
           COMPUTE RECORDS-PER-SECOND = RECORDS-PROCESSED / PROCESSING-TIME
           
           DISPLAY 'Performance optimization results:'
           DISPLAY 'Processing time: ' PROCESSING-TIME ' seconds'
           DISPLAY 'Records per second: ' RECORDS-PER-SECOND
           DISPLAY 'I/O operations: ' I-O-OPERATIONS
           DISPLAY 'Memory usage: ' MEMORY-USAGE ' bytes'.

Optimize data processing performance using batch processing, efficient I/O operations, memory management, and performance monitoring. Measure and improve processing rates for better efficiency.

Data Parsing

String parsing and data extraction

Arithmetic Operations

Mathematical operations in COBOL